Which of the following is NOT a typical cost incurred by the buyer at closing?

The option referring to breach of contract damages is not a typical cost incurred by the buyer at closing because these expenses arise only if a party fails to meet their contractual obligations. In real estate transactions, buyers and sellers generally negotiate and agree upon various fees that are expected during closing, which consist of both one-time payments and ongoing costs.

Loan origination fees are charges from the lender for processing a new loan application, which the buyer would typically have to pay at closing. Homeowner's insurance is a required cost to protect the investment in the property and is also usually paid at closing. Similarly, credit fees, which cover the costs associated with obtaining the buyer's credit report, are standard expenses buyers encounter as part of the loan process.

In contrast, breach of contract damages depend on specific circumstances and are not considered a regular or anticipated part of the closing process; they represent potential penalties rather than standard closing costs.