Which of the following actions can lead to disputes over property ownership?

Failing to record deeds can lead to disputes over property ownership because it creates a situation where there may be conflicting claims to the property. In real estate, recording a deed is a critical step that provides public notice of ownership and helps establish priority of claims. When a deed is not recorded, it may not be clear who the rightful owner is, especially if the property is later sold or if disputes arise about ownership. Other parties could potentially claim an interest in the property without knowledge of the unrecorded deed, leading to legal conflicts and disputes.

The other actions listed, while important in the context of real estate transactions, do not inherently create the same potential for disputes over ownership. For example, obtaining a real estate appraisal is a common practice meant to determine property value and does not affect ownership claims directly. Executing a purchase agreement is a step in the transaction process but does not establish ownership until the deed is transferred and recorded. Conducting homeowner meetings is related to property management and community involvement but does not influence legal ownership of property.