What is the term used for fixed reference points in metes and bounds descriptions?

The term "bounds" in metes and bounds descriptions refers to the fixed reference points that define the boundaries of a parcel of land. In this type of property description, the boundaries are articulated through specific markers and measurements. "Metes" refers to the measurements of distance, while "bounds" refers to the descriptors of the physical boundaries, often using permanent markers like trees, roads, or established survey markers.

In the context of this question, recognizing "bounds" as the term for these reference points is essential because it directly reflects the established legal framework used in land surveying to create clear and precise property descriptions. Understanding this terminology helps in correctly interpreting and utilizing metes and bounds descriptions in real estate transactions.