In which recording system does title pass only when the conveyance is duly registered on the title certificate itself?

The Torrens system of recording is a method of registering land titles, whereby the title to the property is formally registered with the government. Under this system, the ownership of real estate is conclusively established through a certificate of title, and the title is transferred only when a conveyance is officially registered on this certificate. This process involves a thorough examination of the title by a government official to verify its legality and ensure that there are no underlying claims or issues regarding the property.

In the Torrens system, the registration serves as definitive proof of ownership, which is reflected directly on the title certificate. Because of this, the title is considered secure and valid only when the changes are duly noted on the official record. This characteristic is distinct from other systems such as traditional or abstract recording systems, where ownership can be determined through public records and may rely on other forms of documentation rather than direct registration on the title itself. The title insurance system focuses on providing protection against title defects but does not inherently involve a mechanism for title transfer upon registration as described in the Torrens system.